Occasional meanings, suddenly originated in the context are not always arbitrary it is based into the semantic structure of the word. New York: Harper & Row, 1989. http://www.bellmore-merrick.k12.ny.us/catcher.html; http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. The author of this work is a writer that succeeded to combine all elements that represent this period in his work. But Holden cannot think of anything to say about a house or a room, so he writes about a baseball glove that his brother Allie used to copy poems onto in green ink. Life is a game, boy. Some critics scolded the novel as being too pessimistic or obscene, too harsh for the society of the 1950's. The first chapter of this study shall define the notion of Translation difficulties and present the representatives of the Modern period and some critics about one of the representative of this period which is J. As there are no equivalent expressions in the target language, the nuances of this kind taken from the whole novel are lost in Romanian translation. I personally thought the red hunting hat, The Museum of Natural History, and The Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon were the most significant and came up regularly in the novel. In this Research Paper we have investigated various translation difficulties of from English into Russian. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. When Holden's roommate, Ward Stradlater, requested him to write his Englishcomposition for him, he didn't specify a subject. Free trial is available to new customers only. In much the same way arguments and explanations may be confused with each other, so too may explanations and justifications. When done on synchronic level, this kind of code switching is called a paraphrase. In general, the main characters are usually misfits of society: they dont like their way of life; they use to start with their stories telling us their bad conditions, their problems with the society and life in general. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. Holden clearly still feels Allies loss strongly. And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. Holden is terrified by the unpredictable challenges of the worldhe hates conflict, he is confused by Allie's senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. How did Holden know Stradlater's date, Jane Gallagher? In this chapter it would be tried to focus on drawing a link between some general translation theories and the analysis of Romanian versions of Salingers novel, considering the general overview in this chapter a link or a starting point for the case study in the last chapter. Quotation). Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. (young-adult literature)", 2007; http://www.ttt.org/theory/difficulties.htlm; Cay Dollerup, Basics of Translation Studies, Institutul Europa; New Dictionary of American Slang, Harper & Row, Publishers 1986, Collins Cobuild English Dictionary, HarperCollins Publishers. In this research the researcher tries to highlight the problems of the translators hesitation of translating the third-person pronoun, which the gender is not obvious, from Romanian to English. One difficulty in translation stems from the fact that most words have multiple meanings. essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write The Romanian version always uses euphemisms and euphemistic formulations when translating SL colloquial expressions (mainly explained by the social, political and cultural constraints from the period of its publication), while the second version uses (almost all the time) the same informal, at times vulgar, linguistic register as the ST, managing at the same time to capture the nuances and subtleties of the original. It may have various kinds of lexical meanings (lexical-semantic) variants; it may widen or narrow its meaning and make it more abstract and concrete. When Stradlater complained about the subject matter--"a goddam baseball glove"--Holden took it from him, tore it up and threw it in the trash. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. cookie policy. Holden is dealing with the loss of his brother, the fact that he his still a child on his way to adulthood and some serious emotions. The main task of a translator is to remember and take into account all the difficulties of translation and render the authors thought as accurate as possible using different literal devices employed originally by the author., Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. But the main of them, as it has been mentioned before is the difference in the structure of the English and Romanian languages. But it is what we aim at. Slang should be distinguished from jargon, which is the technical vocabulary of a particular profession. | Through his lying and deception, Holden proves that he is just as guilty of phoniness as the people he criticizes. It is clear in the early chapters,. Holden dated her until her father made them stop seeing each other. This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. .of becoming dangerously convoluted and static, Lodge implicitly challenges critics to revisit and reassess Salingers body of work. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. He has not published an original work since 1965 and has not been interviewed since 1980. He is a nonconformist. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. .(J. D. Salinger: p. 18) with the translation into Romanian like Ackley, pu?iule? In both cases, we sense that although Holden envisions himself as the protector rather than the one to be protected, he is the one who really needs to be caught. Gradation of epithets, that is a sequence of synonymous epithets, is constructed on a different basis in English and in Romanian. Of all the places in the novel where Holden discusses his hat, the most famous and recognizable symbol in the book, this is probably the most enlightening. Explore how the human body functions as one unit in The Catcher in the Rye and My Name is Asher Lev voice how society is a song, each member having his own verse. Not only poets and writers, but also journalists frequently create unexpected word combination that makes their statements significantly vivid and original. Holden then asks Stradlater who the girl he was dating was. There are two major types of epithets which are; From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into: There are another two important types of epithets used in Salingers novel: Inverted epithetis a word syntactically functioning as a headword, but semantically serving as a modifier to a dependent noun. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. Salinger uses society as the source of discord in this case to be isolated from. Anyway, Holden responds by doing a tap dance like you see in the movies, which he hates but gets a bang (his words) out of imitating. It is clear inthe early chapters, that Holden does not have any real friendsat Pency Prep. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? Theyre quite touchy about anything like that, especially my father. That's all I'd do all day. He shows that these symbols will change their lives for the better. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. Translators false friends result from transferring the sounds of a source language word literally into the target language. The word kid is one of the numerous words which is used in the context with all his meanings such as Ackley kid? Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Holden watches from the hill because he doesn't want to go down and see the students. The concept of norm is relative, on the one hand, with system of language, and on the other hand, it is closely connected with speech, in which the originality of speech formation is displayed. Absence of some corresponding word or lexical-semantic variant in both languages is also one of the reasons of applying additional words in translation. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. Copyright 2023 Literary Devices. One of the main problem or difficulty in translation- is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Holden wouldn't stop talking about Jane and kept calling him a moron and insulting him Where did Holden go immediately after the fight? He alludes to his behavior almost in passing, saying that he slept in the garage on the night of Allies death and broke all the windows with his bare hands, just for the hell of it. He tried to break the car windows as well, but could not because his hand was already fractured from smashing the garage windows. Modernists shared a common purpose. This is not possible. He wrote this terrific book of short stories, The Secret Goldfish, in case you never heard of him. This ungrammatical usage emphasizes the disillusionment Holden feels because almost no one sees the world like he does-he constantly has to reassure him that others would do the same thing or feel the same way. Textual (syntagmatic) equivalence, where there is equivalence of the syntagmatic structuring of a text, i.e. The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. It was tried to give a detailed study of the features of translation difficulties. The theme of the painfulness of growing up is very important in the book. As you can see the theme of the painfulness of growing up is very prevalent throughout The Catcher In The Rye. It is not the specific items an expression contains but rather the meaning it conveys and its association with culture-specific contexts which can make it untranslatable or difficult to translate. In conclusion, Salingers characters feel that society is hard and they have to go away. Taking into account the total context, including the intended audience and important details such as regionalisms. The first point that would be discussed in this thesis is Lexical peculiarities which are one of the main characteristic of the defining the main features of the text. What does Holden write Stradlater's composition about why is the object he writes about important to him what eventually happens to the essay Why? I mean not wait till Wednesday or anything. This difference of word combinability in various languages is very important; therefore some types of combinability are easily accepted in one of language and are completely unacceptable in other languages. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. From this type of the translation difficulties used in this novel point out one of the main feature of authors style which is that the message of the novel could be better reproduse and easily understand by the reader. The state of one's endowment. And finally, it can be said that Salinger didnt assume the fame as well as other authors and hes actually out of the literary world. It first appears in Chapter 16, when a kid Holden admires for walking in the street rather than on the sidewalk is singing the Robert Burns song Comin' Thro' the Rye. In Chapter 22, when Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life, he replies with his image, from the song, of a catcher in the rye. Holden imagines a field of rye perched high on a cliff, full of children romping and playing. Statements which are justifications of some action take the form of arguments. False friends - are an umbrella term where some similarity between two words in a language pair dealt with look or sound sufficiently alike to sometimes make translators render the source word by a target word that is semantically wrong in that context. In any language there exists generally accepted tradition of word combinations, which do not coincide with the corresponding tradition of word combinations in the other languages. His catcher in the rye fantasy reflects his innocence, his belief in pure, uncorrupted youth, and his desire to protect that spirit; on the other hand, it represents his extreme disconnection from reality and his naive view of the world. "Aw, the World's a Crumby Place." Ackley has awful teeth, which he never brushes, lots of pimples, and a lousy personality, according to Holden. There are a lot of Salinger pieces in the University of Texas, at Austins Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center rare books collection; although some contemporary critics see a clear progression in Salingers published works, they think that The Catcher in the Rye is so brilliant. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in, a world where everything is simple, understandable, and indefinite. Holden's definition of phoniness relies mostly on a kind of self-deception: he seems to reserve the most scorn for people who think that they are something they are not or who refuses to acknowledge their own weaknesses. Ill just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy. The author used the hyperbole which is deliberate overstatement or exaggeration and the aim of this hyperbole is to intensify the main features of the novel and to show its utter absurdity. Since there is never a good coincidence of meaning between phraseologisms, there is a very high risk of finding others that have different metaphors, a different meaning, and are not at all fit for specific cases. I sort of closed one eye, like I was taking aim at it. It should be mention that this research work represents a great theoretical value for those willing to take up their future carrier in the field of translations as invaluable reference to the methods and the ways of translation of literary masterpieces. He asks Holden to write a composition for him for English. Dont have an account? similarities between behaviorism and social cognitive theory; . Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language the source- and in the other language-the target. The characters in J.D. The second reason, causing lexical difficulties to translation is the difference in the semantic volume of a word. Slang- is the use of informal words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's dialect or language. Accessed 4 Mar. The hat is outlandish, and it shows that Holden desires to be different from everyone around him. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached.. Drugs, used so as to be inconspicuous, but euphemistic. Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? A room. March 3, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 What does Stradlater ask Holden to write for him? The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let go of his past nor of innocence. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? He is angry at life for being so unfair. They used to live near each other and hung out over the summer, Holden really liked her. What are some of the things Holden tells Stradlater about her? ; Young goats, their meat, or leather made from their hides. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. They sought to capture the essence of modern life in the form and content of their work. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. Salinger had a very big number of important influences as Kafka, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Proust, Keats, Lorca, Rimbaud, Burns, Jane Austen or Coleridge. . Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. and visits me practically every week-end. So they gave up looking.. The first chapter deals with J. D. Salingers place in world literature, the most important influences on his writing style, the cultural and historical background behind his literary works and how they influenced and were reflected in his literary creations. Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. 81) The Ducks in the pond are symbolic in many ways, they prove that some vanishings are only temporary. places where he either grew up or which he knew; his use of well-established symbols throughout his fiction; his unique approach of religious themes and his use of Zen philosophy; his attachment to and protection for his characters. We can see that it were negative comments, hard criticsMany critics told that there wasnt any novel that went into the adolescence as this Salingers work. His creative work could appear only in our days. Some idioms are 'misleading'; they seem transparent because they offer a reasonable literal interpretation and their idiomatic meanings are not necessarily signalled in the surrounding text.
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